The Basics of B2B Marketing Attribution

June 2, 2020

How do you know which programs are generating qualified leads and pipeline, and which aren’t? How can you make sure a lead is tagged correctly throughout the entirety of their buying journey? Here we discuss the basics of B2B marketing attribution.

b2b marketing attribution

The topic of marketing attribution is a major pain for many B2B marketers. How do you know which programs are generating qualified leads and pipeline, and which aren’t? How can you make sure a lead is tagged correctly throughout the entirety of their buying journey? Long lead cycles, numerous digital touchpoints, and multiple contacts from the same accounts make it difficult to track how much each channel contributes to the annual recurring revenue (ARR). 


Here we discuss the basics of B2B marketing attribution and how you can get started in analyzing how your marketing channels contribute to your sales pipeline.


What is B2B Attribution?

What we refer to as “B2B attribution” is the measurement and reporting of the impact of marketing programs on pipeline and/or revenue. These attribution models aren’t just designed to give marketers credit or bonuses, they are also there to help assess the effectiveness of marketing campaigns and channels. Marketing attribution allows marketers to improve their strategies and optimize budget to the channels that generate the most revenue. 


Why is it so hard?

Measuring B2B marketing attribution is so difficult because the buying cycle for most B2B products is long (3-20 months), and involves multiple decision makers and multiple touchpoints before any deal is closed. This is very different from the B2C sales cycle where they have one offer, one buyer, and a short sales cycle (lasting minutes or days). The simplicity of the B2C sales cycle allows you to be confident in your ROAS (Return On Ad Spend), whereas in B2B your ROAS is much more complicated due to the multiple touches and stakeholders. 


Bizible ran a study that asked B2B marketers, “what is the primary metric you use to measure marketing performance?” Most participants responded with “Opportunities and Pipeline”. However, when asked “which attribution model does your marketing team use to measure performance”, almost ⅓ of participants said they did not have an attribution model in place. While it’s nearly impossible to know exactly how much each dollar spent brings back in revenue, having some visibility is better than none at all. 


b2b marketing attribution
Source: bizible.com
b2b marketing attribution
Source: bizible.com









Sales vs. Marketing

b2b marketing attribution sales

In SaaS, the Sales & Marketing budget is usually between about 30-50% of the revenue target, and payback is between 8 months to one year. A couple of examples: Salesforce started investing 49% of their revenue target in Sales & Marketing and saw 24% YoY growth, and Mindbody saw 37% YoY growth by investing 40% of their revenue target.


The main questions running through a B2B marketing leader’s head are usually “what programs are impacting my opportunities/deals?” and “where should I spend my marketing budget?” Essentially - what’s working, what’s not, and where can we best spend our money to increase our revenue? That is where your attribution model comes in. The ability to measure attribution across your multitude of marketing channels can provide your team with efficiency gains of 15-30%! (source: Zoominfo).


Here’s a typical CEO question - “Why should I invest more in Demand Generation instead of hiring 3 additional field reps?” To answer this question, you need an attribution model in place to track how successful your marketing programs are in generating opportunities for your reps. Calculating ROI from sales reps is pretty easy - let’s say you pay each rep $150k/yr and they each bring in $1M in revenue. If you invest the rest of your budget in hiring sales reps instead of deploying it on your successful marketing programs, there won’t be any campaign generating the opportunities for your reps to close deals with. Once their pipeline starts to dry, their quota attainment will significantly decrease, and so will the ROI. Learn how to grow your business effectively with demand generation here.


Common Challenges

When building your attribution model you are bound to run into some challenges:


1. Data issues 

You can’t track attribution if your CRM and marketing automation data is not flowing properly. Sometimes data is transferred incorrectly (or not transferred at all) when going from lead to opportunity. The solution to this is to always tag and track everything in your CRM at every step. Also, if Sales doesn’t take the right actions in the CRM during lead handoff, you will lose a lot of attribution traceability.


2. Complex sales cycles 

The B2B sales cycle involves multiple stakeholders and a long sales cycle, making it very easy to lose data along the way. Again, the most important thing is to always tag and track every prospect interaction, and aggregate the lead to account data when creating opportunities and moving them along the sales cycle.

3. Account-Based Attribution 

In B2B your campaigns usually engage multiple people at the same account. When going from leads to opportunities you need to bring all that data into the account object to be able to trace that opportunity’s attribution. Keep all tagging consistent, and keep all teams on the same page to ensure data is being transferred correctly on either side.


4. Sales vs Marketing touches

Both marketing and sales will be talking to your prospects, how will you make sure both team’s efforts are accounted for? For this, you need to combine data from both teams within the CRM to see the full attribution picture. There should be a campaign created for your SDR cold outreach, as well as referrals and partners.


5. Multi-Channel interactions

As we mentioned, your prospects will be engaging with you on multiple platforms. They might click on a display ad, browse a few webpages from their smartphone, download a whitepaper on LinkedIn, attend a webinar, or meet with you at an event. How can you aggregate that data to show a single picture? Digital interactions are easy to track with automations, but you need the discipline to track interactions at events and tag them in the CRM.  

b2b marketing attribution sales cycle

B2B Attribution Models

Now - about the models! There are several different types of attribution models used by marketers, and there’s no definitive “right” choice. Studies have shown that it takes an average of 6 to 8 touchpoints just to generate a lead, (source: Zoominfo), so the type of model you choose will depend on your specific campaign objectives and strategy. Each of the models below has its own pros and cons, so you will need to know the context of your business strategy and how you prefer to measure this data. 



First-Touch Model

In this model, the entire pipeline/revenue is credited to the first campaign interaction.

b2b attribution models


For Example: 

1st touch - Google Ads (100%) 

Lead conversion - Webinar

Opp - Facebook

Closed/Won - LinkedIn/Quora


Last-Touch Model

In this model, the entire pipeline/revenue is credited to the last campaign interaction before the opportunity is created.

b2b attribution models


For Example

1st touch - Google Ads

Lead conversion - Webinar

Opp - Facebook (100%)

Closed/Won - LinkedIn/Direct Mail



Multi-Touch Model

In this model, X equals the total number of touches.


For Example

b2b attribution models

1st touch - Google Ads (15%)

Lead conversion - webinar (15%)

Opp - Facebook (15%)

Closed/Won - LinkedIn/Quora/Direct Mail 

(5% x each of the 3 last touches)



Role-Weighted Model

In this model, the variable X depends on the lead role (Ex: Director+ = 30)


For Example

b2b attribution models

1st touch - Marketing Manager (20%)

Lead conversion - CMO (50%)

Opp - Dir of Marketing (30%)

Closed/Won - LinkedIn/Direct Mail (0%)





W-Shaped Model  

In this model, everything is weighted before the opportunity is even created - marketing is incentivized. Weight is divided equally between the 3 touches, with 10% for mid-touches.

b2b attribution models
Source: bizible.com

For Example

1st touch - Google Ads (30%)

Lead conversion - Webinar (30%)

Opp - Facebook (30%)

Closed/Won - Direct Mail (0%)

Minor interactions - Linkedin Message (10%)



Full-Path Model 

In this model, the weight is divided equally between the touches AND close, with 10% for mid-touches.

Source: bizible.com

For Example

1st touch - Google Ads (30%)

Lead conversion - Webinar (30%)

Opp - Facebook (30%)

Closed/Won - Direct Mail (0%)

Minor interactions - Linkedin Message (10%)



Getting started with attribution

So, which model should you use? The truth is that you should always use multiple models because your choice will depend on which metrics you are focusing on. If you are using Salesforce as CRM, you have probably noticed that it puts more emphasis on the last touch campaign. Thus, the last campaign that touches an account before the opportunity is created is tagged as the primary campaign for that opportunity. However, let’s say your lead came from downloading a whitepaper on LinkedIn, then they responded to an email, and then you sent them a direct mail box that generated the opportunity - you can’t just attribute the entire opportunity and pipeline to direct mail. Ideally, you want to include all of those other touchpoints because you need all these programs working together. If you decide to cut LinkedIn because it’s not directly creating opportunities, you will not have warm leads to then convert with direct mail.


If you are not yet measuring any attribution, start with last touch. This is the best way to start without overcomplicating the model, and it can show you which campaigns directly generated opportunities. Then, you can go a little further by seeing where those leads came from. Track what drives your opportunities and then work backwards to attribute your successes to all relevant programs. 

b2b attribution marketing sales


Final Tips

b2b marketing sales attribution
  1. Don’t start scaling marketing spend until you are confident about your attribution models.
  2. Keep it simple at the beginning, start by measuring which campaigns are converting leads into opportunities.
  3. Maintain rigorous data hygiene and track every interaction with prospects. You can also force user behaviors with validation rules in the CRM.
  4. Make sure your lead handoff is solid and well documented between Sales & Marketing.
  5. Don’t over-rely on these models - if you have a small sample of data, it’s usually too early to rely on them. Try looking at outliers first (those generating many or no opportunities).


Looking to scale demand generation?

CONTACT US

Join our Demand Generation community

DEMAND GENERATION CLUB

Check these other blog posts:

November 30, 2023
The Best SaaS Conferences You Can't Miss In 2024

Explore must-attend conferences in 2024, including the renowned SaaStr Annual. Follow SaaSMQL for insights into SaaS events 2024.

November 9, 2023
Getting Started with ABM Campaigns: A Comprehensive Guide

In this comprehensive guide, we'll equip you with the tools and knowledge to get started with ABM, delving into how ABM works, key components of successful campaigns, and best practices for marketing to high-value accounts.

June 2, 2023
The Top 10 SaaS Marketing Tools for Small Businesses

If you’re a small business in the SaaS space, the marketing landscape can seem overwhelming. There are countless platforms and apps out there that claim to help your business grow, but not all of them will be right for you.

June 1, 2023
5 Growth Hacks for SaaS Companies

As a SaaS company, you know that the success of your business depends on the number of new customers you get. You also know that it's getting harder and harder to get those leads because your competition is fierce.

April 26, 2023
Top 15 SaaS Events You Can't Miss in 2023

If you’re a SaaS professional, you already know that events are an invaluable resource for small-business networking, SaaS lead generation, and even getting out of your comfort zone.

September 28, 2022
SaaStr Success: Landing Your Biggest Whales

No matter what stage your SaaS startup is in, landing a whale–a big client that will account for a majority of your revenue–will help you generate the ARR required to keep growing. At this year’s SaaStr, the team at SaaSMQL showed hundreds of SaaS leaders an effective way to do just that. 🐳

September 28, 2022
What We Learned from Sending 27,000 Direct Mail Boxes

Last year we shipped over 27,000 boxes on behalf of our clients. and learned a few lessons along the way. In this article, we’ll lay it all out for you.

August 8, 2022
The 7 Best Practices of SaaS Demand Generation

SaaS demand generation is an essential part of getting new customers and growing your business, but it's not easy to do well. Read these 7 precious tips on how to build a powerful SaaS demand generation machine.

July 19, 2022
A Few Ways to Get Your Prospects Attention with a SaaS Direct Mail Campaign

Let's take a look at the components of a great SaaS direct mail campaign that you can implement today to spur new growth.

June 22, 2022
Most Common Beginner Mistakes with SaaS Marketing

In this piece, we will explore 15 of the most common mistakes beginners make with SaaS Marketing, and how to avoid them, so you can save time and energy lost by following ineffective methods.

June 21, 2022
The SaaS Customer Acquisition Cost Guide

What does it actually cost to get a new customer? This is a vital metric to master if you are looking to scale up your business in the near future. If you are a SaaS startup looking to build a predictable customer acquisition engine, or a SaaS Company that is ready to scale, this article is for yo

June 20, 2022
The Demand Generation Checklist for SaaS Startups

Demand generation is the most crucial role for every SaaS company. Startups need to get on board with key strategies that promote SaaS lead generation, and generate a consistent pipeline to feed the growing sales team. Do you have all the necessary elements in place to run a successful demand gene

June 9, 2022
Customer Lifetime Value: Why It's So Important in ABM

In the following guide, we walk you through the basics of ABM and customer lifetime value — and why CLV is so critical for an effective account-based marketing strategy in the world of SaaS ABM.

May 24, 2022
Five Ways to Drive Demand for SaaS

SaaS demand generation can be complicated, but there are many ways to get your product to the front of your potential customers’ minds. Here we’ll go over some SaaS lead generation techniques that you can use to increase sales and beat the competition.

May 16, 2022
Why Direct Mail Campaigns Are Critical For Account-Based Marketing Success

This article will discuss why direct mail marketing is so important for ABM's success and how to create an effective campaign. We'll also share some tips on measuring the success of your direct mail marketing campaigns.

May 10, 2022
Why SaaS Companies Should Use Direct Mail to Generate Leads

SaaS direct mail is also a powerful way to reach decision makers and influencers at companies that aren’t currently using your product or service. When used as part of an account-based strategy, your integrated direct mail has the ability to amplify your results exponentially.

April 27, 2022
How to Effectively Grow your SaaS with Outbound Marketing

In this article we explain why it's so important for SaaS companies to use outbound strategies and the six steps you need to follow in order to execute effective outbound campaigns.

April 25, 2022
Top 12 SaaS Conferences You Can’t Miss in 2022

If you are serious about growth in 2022, and who wouldn’t be with what the global economy just endured, then plan to attend at least one of 2022’s Top 12 SaaS Conferences.

April 13, 2022
How To Choose An Account Based Marketing Agency

When it comes to SaaS growth, you want to make sure that you are putting your best foot forward. This means working with the best account based marketing agency possible. How do you choose?

April 10, 2022
The 10 Top Account-Based Marketing Platforms

We have compiled a list of the top platforms for every SaaS companies interested in launching and scaling their Account-Based Marketing strategy.

June 3, 2021
How to Nurture Enterprise Accounts with a Multi-Channel Strategy

Nurturing enterprise accounts requires continuous education through multiple channels before they might see a need for your solution. Here we discuss the most effective ways to use multiple channels to nurture your target accounts.

January 14, 2021
How to Build a Demand Generation Budget for FY2022

The shift to virtual events in 2020 and 2021, along with uncertainty about when live events will resume, makes this year’s budget planning a bit tougher than others. However, you can use the same methodology to set your team up for success in 2022.

October 22, 2020
Running Integrated Marketing Campaigns in 2022

If you’re targeting mid-market or enterprise companies, you can't rely on a single channel to drive engagement and qualified leads. Here we share examples of campaigns with solid ROI and show how to integrate different channels into a unique workflow.

October 15, 2020
Marketo vs HubSpot vs ActiveCampaign

HubSpot and Marketo are considered the #1 and #2 marketing automation softwares in the world. ActiveCampaign, on the other hand, is a powerful and easy-to-use marketing automation & sales CRM platform designed for small businesses on a budget. How do you decide which is right for you?

September 21, 2020
How to Run an ABM Initiative Without Buying an ABM Solution

You might have a golden list of accounts that the sales team wants to focus on, but you don’t have the budget for a shiny new ABM platform. Jasmine Chung, Demand Generation Manager at Openprise, showed us how they are doing it at their company and the results they are seeing.

September 3, 2020
How Intellimize Leveraged B2B Direct Mail to Generate $4.6M in Sales Pipeline

Intellimize used SaaSMQL’s expertise to launch targeted ABM campaigns, integrating Direct Mail with automated emails and LinkedIn ads to engage with 800 accounts within their ideal customer profile. Their investment generated $4.6M in ARR pipeline.

August 12, 2020
SEO Strategy: 5 Tips to Scale Your Organic Traffic

Looking for some no-nonsense SEO tips to boost your site’s search engine rankings? We sat down with Aaron Moskowitz, Director of SEO at Golden Hippo, and covered 5 easy-to-implement tactics that help increase your website's ranking and boost inbound traffic.

August 5, 2020
The 9 Most Important Metrics for B2B Startups

By tracking and taking action in improving essential metrics you can position your team for better performance and productivity. Here we provide some insights into what we believe are the most important KPIs every young B2B SaaS company should track as soon as revenue streams arise.

July 1, 2020
How We Generate $1M in Sales Pipeline with Direct Mail

Here we explain step-by-step how at SaaSMQL we are able to consistently generate over $1M in new sales pipeline every month by using a targeted direct mail approach. We also discuss mistakes to avoid during the process and how to track the campaign performance.

June 23, 2020
7 Steps to launching your first B2B Direct Mail campaign

Direct mail is the best-performing direct response channel, bringing in results “10 to 30 times better than email”. Most companies don’t leverage direct mail because it's hard to execute, and requires plenty of time and resources. Here we will go over the 7 steps to launching a direct mail campaign.

June 16, 2020
A Common Sense Approach to Account Based Analytics

In a recent webinar for DemandGen Club, Arun Sivashankaran (Founder & CEO of FunnelEnvy) shared the good, bad, and ugly from his years of experience with B2B demand generation teams tackling account based analytics & personalization.

May 27, 2020
The Top 4 Direct Mail Use Cases for B2B Startups

Modern ABM marketers are seeing direct mail emerge as an effective channel for B2B companies to engage and convert target accounts. When direct mail campaigns are integrated into a broader account-based marketing strategy, they become a powerful channel to break through noise and reach prospects.

May 21, 2020
A cost effective Sales & Marketing tech stack for early stage SaaS companies

Your marketing “tech stack” is the set of technologies your organization uses to execute and analyze marketing across the customer lifecycle, and scale your business. The key goal of your marketing tech stack is to measure the impact of your marketing activities - making difficult processes easier.

May 19, 2020
12 B2B Direct Mail Examples to Boost your Pipeline

Given the special nature of a direct mail package, it’s no wonder the average response rates are higher than email. Receiving a nice gift right at your desk in the middle of the work week is memorable, and shows that the sender made the effort to do something different.

May 14, 2020
The 5 Worst SaaS Demand Generation Sins

A strong Demand Generation program allows a company to predictably scale the number of Opps sourced by simply increasing marketing spend. Whether you’re just starting out or have been running Demand Gen programs for years, here are a few core “sins” that your team should avoid at all costs.

May 8, 2020
Right Person, Right Time: How to Leverage Buyer Intent Data

Intent data can tell you when your target accounts show strong buying signals, allowing you to target the right people at the right time. Yet, many sales and marketing teams still aren’t sure how to include this new type of data in their workflows, let alone incorporate it into actionable programs.

May 6, 2020
Building Your Target Account List Using Data

Scaling is hard. You can have the best sales team in the world, but if they’re not focusing on the right accounts, their work likely won’t amount to new clients for your business. When you focus your efforts on ideal target companies, you maximize the campaign’s efficacy and conversion.

May 4, 2020
Building a Successful Lead Handoff Between Sales & Marketing

The lead handoff process is one of the biggest bottlenecks for every company trying to grow their sales pipeline. Marketing has invested money and resources to generate qualified leads, but they are not always properly assigned to the Sales team and followed-up with.

May 1, 2020
Why SaaS Companies Underspend on Demand Generation

Low confidence in marketing attribution and ROI often causes SaaS companies to cut investments on demand generation. By tracking your CAC and the value of each stage of your marketing funnel, you can allocate your budget to drive real growth.

April 30, 2020
Driving Qualified Meetings with Direct Mail Campaigns

When direct mail campaigns are integrated into a broader account-based marketing strategy, they become a powerful channel to break through the noise and reach your ideal contacts.

April 29, 2020
How We Use LinkedIn Ads to Engage with Target Accounts

Learn how to build effective Account-Based Marketing campaigns using LinkedIn Ads. We'll present specific examples and step-by-step instructions on how to target your named accounts and drive qualified leads.

December 1, 2019
ABM Unlocked: How to Leverage Buyer Intent Data in Real Time

In this video you'll learn how you can leverage intent data to increase conversion on your ABM campaigns and engage with your target accounts. We'll provide an intro about buyer intent data, the difference between 1st party data and 3rd party data, and how to track customers' offsite behaviors.

August 15, 2019
Creating a Demand Generation Budget From Scratch

In this video you’ll learn how to draft a demand generation budget starting from your revenue goals. We’ll discuss about funnel metrics, Customer Acquisition Costs (CAC), what line items should be considered when creating the budget, how to forecast your ROI, and what tools can help you.

June 6, 2019
ABM: How to Define Your Ideal Customer Profile

In this video you'll learn how to build the right target account list. By focusing all your efforts toward the ideal accounts, you'll maximize campaign's efficacy and conversion.

March 26, 2019
How to Generate ROI from Event Marketing

In this video we'll share lessons on how to generate pipeline sponsoring third-party conferences, how to best manage follow-ups and track results, and how to scale the strategy to 100+ events per year. We'll also discuss about best practices on how to run your first user conference successfully.

December 9, 2018
Video: Integrating Direct Mail Campaigns in Your ABM Strategy

Direct mail has been emerging as an effective channel for B2B companies to engage and convert their target accounts. When direct mail campaigns are integrated into a broader account-based marketing strategy, they become a powerful channel to break through the noise and reach your ideal contacts.

July 21, 2018
What are the biggest mistakes that B2B SaaS startups make in sales?

The 8 most common sales mistakes that I frequently notice in venture-funded SaaS startups. These include adding territories too early or hire a bunch of AEs when there is no pipeline. Avoiding these early mistakes will impact your ARR from the beginning.

June 9, 2018
The 6 Initial Steps to Transition to an Account-Based Strategy

Marketing is no longer incentivized to simply generate leads at the top-of-the-funnel and throwing them to sales. The metrics that matter now are account engagement, number of opportunities generated, pipeline ($) and revenue.

June 8, 2018
Why All SaaS Companies Need Demand Generation

Demand generation entails generating sales opportunities for your company's products or services. A good demand generation engine can help a company engage new prospects, generate interest online and offline, and attract prospects, which are then converted to leads and turned into sales pipeline.